Impact of Uncertainty on Risk indices in Reservoir Operation

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Water Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

2 Graduate student, Department of Water Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

Abstract

As a result of system complexity and incomplete information, the planning process, the  “with” and “without” conditions, the project's performance and impacts, and the benefits and costs are never certain. Accordingly, the valuation of uncertainty is a “must”, even on the risk indices as a sub set of uncertainty. This paper focuses on the effects of two main sources of uncertainty; i.e. data and parameter uncertainty, on the risk indices in reservoir simulation and optimization. In reservoir simulation, the effects of uncertainties in simple/disaggregated time series models are studied on the well-known reservoir efficiency indices; i.e. volumetric and occurrence reliabilities. Two additional risk indices; i.e. vulnerability and resilience are also studied. A stochastic dynamic programming model (DPR) is used to study the effects of data continuity uncertainty on reservoir operation rule. In this case the effects of data continuity uncertainty on two indices of Reliability and Losses have been evaluated. Two reservoirs under construction in Fars province, IRAN, have been selected for case study. The results show that the incorporation of uncertainty (i.e. data/parameter uncertainty) in simulation and optimization impact the risk indices differently as the flow variability condition and reservoir storage and  operation changes. These results can help the designer to select the appropriate risk indices for reservoir operation.

Keywords


Ang, A.H.-S., and Tang, W.H., (1984), Probabilistic Concepts in Engineering Planning and Decision, Vol. II, John Wiley and Sons, New York.
Burges S.J., and Lettenmaier, D.P., (1975), "Probabilistic Methods in Stream Quality management", Water Resources Bulletin, 11 (1), pp. 115-130.
Cai, X., (1999), Modeling Framework for Sustainable Water Resources Management, Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, University of Texas at Austin.
 
Cai, X., McKinney, D.C., and Lasdon, L., (2003), "A Framework for Sustainability Analysis in Water Resources Management and Application to the Syr DaryaBasin", Water Resources Research, 38(6), pp. 1085.
Datta, B. and Burges, S.J., (1984), "Short-Term single, Multi-purpose Reservoir Operation: Importance of Loss Functions and Forecast Errors", Water Resources Research, 20(9), pp. 1167-1176.
Fiering, M. B., (1982), "Alternative indices of resilience", Water Resources Research, 18, pp. 33-39.
Ganji, A., Khalili, D., and Javan, M., (2001), "Uncertainty in the design and simulation of reservoirs", Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transaction B, 25(B4), pp. 729-736.
Ganji, A., (2000), Streamflow modelling and analysis of Mollasadra and Salman Farsi reservoirs using time series models of SPIGOT, M.S. thesis, Irrigation Department, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran. 388pp.
Grygier, J.C. and Stedinger, J.R., (1988), "Condensed disaggregation procedure and conservation corrections for stochastic hydrology. Water Resources Research, 24 (10), pp.1570-1584.
Grygier, J.C. and Stedinger, J.R., (1990), "Technical Description for SPIGOT Software", CornellUniv. 80 pp.
Hashimoto, T., Loucks, D.P., and Stedinger, J.R., (1982), "Robustness of water resources systems", Water Resources Research, 18(1), pp. 21-26.
Hashimoto, T., Stedinger, J.R., and Loucks, D.P., (1982), "Reliability, Resiliency, and Vulnerability Criteria for Water Resources System Performance Evaluation", Water Resources Research, 18(1), pp. 14-20.
Karamouz, M. and Houck, M.H., (1982), "Annual and monthly reservoir operation rules generated by deterministic optimization", Water Resources Research, 18(5), pp.1337-1344.
Karamouz, M., Szidarovszky, F., and Zahraie, B., (2003), "Water resources system analysis", Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, Florida, 33431.
Kundzewicz, Z. W., and Kindler, J., (1995), "Multiple criteria for evaluation of reliability aspects of water resource systems", Proceedings of a Boulder Symposium, IAHS pub. no. 231.
Loucks, D.P., Stedinger, J.R. and Haith, D.A., (1981), "Water Resources Planning Ananlysis", Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J. 559 pp.
Moy, W., and Cohon, J. L., and Revelle, C. S., (1986), "A programming model for analysis of the reliability, resilience, and vulnerability of a water supply reservoir", Water Resources Research, 22(4), pp. 489-498.
Simonovic, S. P., (1997), "Risk in sustainable water resources management in Sustainability of Water Resources under Increasing Uncertainties", IAHS, Publ. No. 240.
Stedinger, J. R. and Taylor, M.R., (1982), "Synthetic streamflow generation (Model verification and validation)", Water Resources Research, 18(4), pp. 909-917
The Greeley-Polhemus Group, (1992), "Guidelines for Risk and Uncertainty Analysis in Water Resources Planning", Volume I, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Water Resources Support Center Institute for Water Resources Fort Belvoir, VA 22060-5586.
Tung, Y., (1996), "Uncertainty analysis in water resources engineering” Stochastic Hydraulics '96,  Editor: Goulter, I. and Tickle, K., A.A. Balkema Publishers, Netherlands, page:29-46.
U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, (1975), "Reactor Safety Study: An Assessment of Accident Risk in U.S. Commercial Nuclear Power Plants, Rasmussen Report", WASH-1400, Washington, D.C.: Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
Yen, B.C., Chang, S. T., and Melching, C.S., (1981), "First-order reliability analysis", In B.C. Yen (ed.) Stochastic and Risk analysis in Hydraulic  Engineering, Water Resour. Pub., Littleton, CO. pl.
Yen, B.C., and Ang, A.H.S., (1971), "Risk analysis in design of hydraulic projects", Stochastic Hydraulic, C.L. Chiu, Ed., Proc. First Inter. Symp., University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 694-701.