تأثیر برنامه های آموزشی-ترویجی بر رفتار حفاظت آب توسط کشاورزان (مورد مطالعه: کشاورزان دهستان زالوآب‌ شهرستان روانسر)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار/ رشته ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان.

2 فارغ التحصیل کارشناسی ارشد/ رشته ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی از دانشگاه کردستان.

3 دانشجوی دکتری/ رشته ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس.

چکیده

هدف اصلی پژوهش حاضر، بررسی تأثیر برنامه‌های آموزشی- ترویجی بر دانش، نگرش و رفتار کشاورزان در زمینه حفاظت آب کشاورزی با استفاده از نظریه رفتار برنامه‌ریزی شده بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش، شامل 420 نفرکشاورز دهستان زالوآب شهرستان روانسر استان کرمانشاه که طی سالهای 1390 الی 1394 در برنامه‌های آموزشی ترویجی حفاظت آب مشارکت داشتند، بود که با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی ساده و با استفاده از فرمول کوکران، 95 نفر از آنان انتخاب گردیدند؛ سپس به همین تعداد 95 نفر کشاورز که در هیچ نوع برنامه آموزشی ترویجی حفاظت آب در منطقه شرکت نکرده بودند به صورت تصادفی طبقه‌ای با انتساب متناسب انتخاب گردید. به این ترتیب 190 نفر کشاورز مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. داده‌ها در نیمه دوم سال 1394و از طریق پرسشنامه معتبر و با پایایی بین 78/0 تا96/0 برای مقیاس‌های مختلف پرسشنامه جمع‌آوری گردید. لازم به ذکر است که برای پایای مقیاسهای مختلف پرسشنامه از ضریب آلفای کرنباخ استفاده شد. نتایج آزمون t نشان داد بهره‌بردارانی که در کلاس‌های آموزشی- ترویجی در زمینه حفاظت آب کشاورزی شرکت داشته‌اند، به مراتب دانش بالاتر، نگرش مساعدتر و رفتار مناسب‌تری در زمینه حفاظت آب کشاورزی دارند. همچنین تحلیل مسیر نشان داد شرکت در کلاس‌های آموزشی- ترویجی، بیشترین تأثیر را بر رفتار بهره‌برداران پیرامون حفاظت آب کشاورزی دارد. در این راستا پیشنهادهایی در رابطه با طراحی و اجرای برنامه‌های آموزشی- ترویجی به منظور بالابردن سطح دانش کشاورزان در زمینه حفاظت آب کشاورزی و نیز بهبود نگرش و رفتار آنان نسبت به حفاظت آب کشاورزی ارائه گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Influence of Extension Training Programs on Water Conservation Behavior by Farmers (The Case of Zaloo-ab Farmers in Ravansar)

نویسندگان [English]

  • F. Eskandari 1
  • Z. Karimi 2
  • K. Khaledi 3
1 Assistant Professor in Agricultural Extension and Education, Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.
2 MSc. Graduate in Agricultural Extension and Education, Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.
3 Ph.D. Student, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The main objective of this survey was to investigate the impact of extension training programs on knowledge, attitude and behavior of farmers towards water management using theory of planned behavior. Target population included 420 farmers in zaloab rural district from Ravansar, Kermanshah province who had participated in a couple of extension training programs related to agricultural water conservation, implemented in the region during 2011-2015 time-period. Applying simple random sampling method 95 farmers were selected according to Cochran formula and then, equally 95 farmers, who had not participated in any extension training programs related to water management, were selected using stratified random sampling method. In this way, 190 farmers were included in the study. Data were collected during second 6-month period in 2015 by a questionnaire validity of which was confirmed by a panel of experts in the areas of agricultural extension and water engineering. Reliability of the questionnaire was approved applying Cronbach Alpha coefficient which was estimated between 0.78 and 0.96 for scales of the questionnaire. Findings of t-test revealed that farmers, who had participated in extension training programs on water management, have more knowledge, more positive attitude and more appropriate behavior towards agricultural water management. Furthermore, path analysis showed that participation in extension training programs has the highest influence on farmers’ behavior concerning agricultural water conservation. Accordingly, it is recommended to invest more on extension training programs in the region to change attitude, knowledge and behavior of farmers towards agricultural water management.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Extension training effectiveness
  • Farmer behavior
  • Theory of Planned Behavior
  • Water conservation
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