پیش‌بینی سطح آب زیرزمینی دشت بستان‌آباد با استفاده از ترکیب نظارت شده مدل‌های هوش‌ مصنوعی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه تبریز،دانشکده علوم طبیعی

2 دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

آبخوان دشت بستان‌آباد واقع در استان آذربایجان‌شرقی تأمین‌کننده اصلی نیازهای آبی منطقه می‌باشد. با توجه به برخی محدودیت‌های مدل‌های عددی مثل وقت‌گیر و پر‌هزینه بودن و نیاز به داده‌های زیاد، در این تحقیق از مدل‌های هوش مصنوعی شامل شبکه‌های عصبی پیشرو (FNN)، شبکه‌های عصبی برگشتی ‌(RNN) و برنامه‌نویسی بیان ژن (GEP) جهت بررسی تغییرات سطح آب زیرزمینی دشت استفاده شده است. دسته‌بندی پیزومترها به دلیل نا‌همگنی آبخوان، قبل از مدل‌سازی صورت پذیرفت. پارامترهای بارش، تبخیر، دبی خروجی رودخانه اوجان‌ و سطح آب‌زیرزمینی در یک زمان قبل به ‌عنوان ورودی مدل‌ها مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. با وجود نتایج قابل‌قبول هر سه مدل بر اساس متوسط RMSE هر دسته در مراحل آموزش و آزمایش، جهت استفاده از کارایی هر سه مدل و دستیابی به نتیجه بهتر، از روش ترکیبی مدل‌های هوش مصنوعی با استفاده از یک شبکه‌عصبی مصنوعی به ‌عنوان ترکیب‌کننده غیرخطی استفاده گردید. نتایج نشانگر کاهش متوسط خطای هر دسته در مدل هوش‌مصنوعی‌مرکب نسبت به مدل‌های منفرد به مقدار میانگین 17% در مقادیر RMSE می‌باشد. با استفاده از نتایج مدل هوش مصنوعی مرکب، تأثیر کاهش 30 و 50 درصدی تخلیه از چاه‌های بهره‌برداری بر روی سطح آب زیرزمینی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشانگر بالا رفتن قابل‌توجه سطح آب در همه پیزومتر‌ها به جز پیزومتر آغچه کهل می باشد. این موضوع نشان دهنده تأثیر بالای مقادیر پمپاژ نسبت به تغییرات آب و هوایی در تغییرات سطح آب زیرزمینی منطقه مطالعاتی می باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Prediction of ground water level of Bostan Abad using combining artificial intelligence models

چکیده [English]

Bostan Abad aquifer located in the East Azerbayjan Province is the main supplier of the region's water needs. Using a numerical model has some limitations such as high complexity, costly, time consuming and a lot of data demanding. For this reason, in the present study the artificial intelligence models including feed forward neural networks (FNN), recurrent neural networks (RNN) and gene expression programming (GEP) were used for prediction of groundwater level changes. Classification of parameters was carried out before modeling, due to their heterogeneity of the aquifer. Precipitation, evaporation, discharge of Ojan River and groundwater level at a time before (t0-1), were used as input parameters in the models. Despite the acceptable results of all three models, based on the average RMSE of each cluster in the training and testing steps, combining the artificial intelligence models using a non-linear neural network as a combiner was adopted to achieve better results than three individual models. The results show decreasing of the average error with a value of 17% in the RMSE for each category in the Supervised Intelligent Committee Machine (SICM) compared to each individual model The SICM was adopted to evaluate the effect of reducing 30 and 50% of the extraction well discharges on groundwater level.The results indicated that the increasing water level in most of piezometers are remarkable. This reflects the high impact of pumping in the amount of groundwater fluctuation is relatively higher than climate change in the study area.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Artificial Neural Network
  • Bostan Abad Plain
  • Gene expression programming
  • Supervised intelligent committee machine
  • Water Table
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