کاربرد آنالیزهای چند متغیره، اندیس‌های اشباع و دیاگرام‌های ترکیبی در تحلیل کیفی آبخوان آبرفتی دشت کرمان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار /گروه زمین‌شناسی دانشگاه تربیت معلم تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

خصوصیات شیمیایی آبخوان آب زیرزمینی دشت کرمان مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته و از نتایج آزمایشات فیزیکی و شیمیایی مربوط به 58 حلقه چاه عمیق استفاده گردیده است. در این نمونه‌ها خصوصیات فیزیکی و شیمیایی و یون‌های اصلی (Na+, K+, Ca++, Mg++, Cl-, SO4- -, HCO3-) مورد سنجش قرار گرفته‌اند. روشهای مختلف شامل دیاگرام‌های ترکیبی، اندیس‌های اشباع و آنالیزهای چند متغیره در ارزیابی پارامترهای کیفی استفاده شده است. نتایج نشان داده‌‌اند که رخساره هیدروشیمیایی غالب (Na, K–Cl, SO4) در ٧٣ درصد از نمونه‌ها می‌باشد. اندیس اشباع از کلسیت، دولومیت، ژیپس و آراگونیت محاسبه و نشان دهنده وضعیت فوق اشباع نسبت به کلسیت و دولومیت می‌باشد. تحلیل خوشه‌ای، منابع آب را در سه گروه مجزا قرار می‌دهد که منطبق با زمان ماندگاری آب و میزان واکنش با مواد آبخوان از هم مجزا می‌شوند. نتایج تحلیل عاملی نشان می‌دهد که 3/96 درصد از تغییرات کیفی آب توسط 5 عامل کنترل می‌شود. عامل اول و مهمترین عامل، انحلال هالیت موجود در آبرفتهای دشت کرمان است. انحلال ژیپس که کماکان در آبخوان اتفاق می‌افتد، در درجه دوم اهمیت قرار دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Application of Statistical Methods, Saturation Indices, and the Composite Diagrams in the Groundwater Quality Assessment in the Kerman Plain Aquifer

نویسنده [English]

  • M Rezaei
Assistant Prof. Geology department of Tarbiat Moallem University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The hydrogeochemical characterization of the Kerman plain aquifer, in central Iran, has been studied. Chemical characteristics from 58 deep well samples were used. Physicochemical characteristics and the major elements (Na+, K+, Ca++, Mg++, Cl-, SO4- - and HCO3-) were analyzed for these samples. Different methods including composite diagrams, saturation indices, and multivariate statistical methods were employed to assess groundwater quality. The results showed that the main hydrochemical facies of the aquifer representing 73% of the samples samples are (Na, K–Cl, SO4). The solubility of Calcite, Dolomite, Gypsum, and Aragonite were assessed in terms of the saturation index indicating supersaturation with respect to Calcite and Dolomite. Clustering analysis showed three distinctive groundwater groups indicating different groundwater residence time and different rock-water interaction history. The results of factor analysis indicated that five factors explain about 96.3% of the total sample variance. The first and most important factor is mainly controlled by Halite dissolution in the Kerman plain. Dissolution of Gypsum is the second most important source of salinity.

 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Groundwater
  • multivariate analysis
  • Hydrogeo-chemistry
  • saturation index
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