مدل‌سازی و ارزیابی پخش سیلاب در آبخوان با استفاده از کد MODFLOW (مطالعه موردی: آبخوان دشت سلماس)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی مدیریت منابع آب، گروه مهندسی عمران، واحد ارومیه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ارومیه، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه مهندسی عمران، واحد ارومیه ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ارومیه، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ایران.

چکیده

امروزه کمبود منابع آب زیرزمینی در اکثر مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک، با گسترش جوامع و بهره‎‌برداری روزافزون از آنها، بعنوان یک معضل جدی، دغدغه اصلی متولیان و برنامه‌ریزان بخش آب کشور می‌باشد. در تحقیق حاضر درنظر است با مدل‌سازی آبخوان و اعمال سناریوی پخش سیلاب جهت حفظ و بهبود وضعیت آن، راهکارهای عملی ارائه شود. باتوجه به قرارگیری دشت سلماس در منطقه نیمه‌خشک و همچنین برداشت بی‌‎رویه از آبخوان دشت، آبخوان سلماس به شدت دچار بحران شده است. برای بررسی تغییرات سطح آب زیرزمینی در آبخوان سلماس پس از اعمال سناریوی پخش سیلاب، از کد ریاضی MODFLOW موجود در GMS، استفاده شد. مدل ریاضی برای دو حالت پایدار و ناپایدار تهیه و اجرا شد و سپس سناریوی پخش سیلاب در مدل اعمال و خروجی‌ها مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد حجم آبی معادل 2/6 میلیون مترمکعب در داخل آبخوان ذخیره می‌‎شود که معادل 44/7 درصد کل آب تغذیه شده به آبخوان است و پس از اعمال سناریو در پایان مهر 1391، به طور متوسط، سطح آب 13 سانتی‌متر افزایش یافت که تغییرات در سطح آب زیرزمینی در قسمت جنوبی و میانی آبخوان است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Modeling and Evaluation of Flood Spreading in Aquifer Using MODFLOW Code (Case Study: Salmas Plain Aquifer)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Reza Shekari Tappe 1
  • Alireza Parvishi 2
  • Mehdi Ghanbarzadeh Lak 3
1 M.Sc. Graduate of Water Recourses Management Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, School of Engineering, Civil Engineering Department, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Today, with the expansion of communities and their increasing groundwater exploitation, the scarcity of groundwater resources as a serious problem in most arid and semi-arid regions, is the main concern of managers and planners of the country's water sector. In the present study, it is intended to provide practical solutions by modeling the aquifer and applying the scenario of flood distribution to maintain and improve the aquifer condition. Since Salmas plain is located in the semi-arid region and also due to the uncontrolled abstraction, the Salmas aquifer suffers a severe crisis. To study the changes in groundwater level in Salmas aquifer after applying the flood distribution scenario, the MODFLOW mathematical code in GMS was used. The mathematical model was prepared and implemented for both steady and transient states. Then the flood spreading scenario was applied and the results showed that 2.6 million cubic meters is stored in the aquifer, which is equivalent to 44.7% of the total water fed to the aquifer. Applying the scenario, the water level increased on average by 13 cm at the end of October 2012, and the change in groundwater level was in the southern and middle part of the aquifer.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Floodwater
  • MODFLOW
  • Groundwater Level
  • Salmas Plain
  • Artificial Recharge
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