برآورد کارایی فنی آب آبیاری و کارایی فنی هزینه آب آبیاری در تولید چغندرقند در حوضه آبریز دریاچه ارومیه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه.

چکیده

برآورد کارایی فنی آب آبیاری یکی از ابزارهای اساسی مدیریت منابع آب است. در این تحقیق، با استفاده از داده‌های 100 کشاورز تولیدکننده چغندرقند در حوضه آبریز دریاچه ارومیه، کارایی فنی آب آبیاری، کارایی فنی هزینه آب آبیاری، کارایی فنی ستاده- محور و کارایی فنی نهاده- محور با استفاده از تابع مرز تصادفی برآورد شده است. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که سهم هزینه آب آبیاری کمتر از سایر نهاده بوده و برابر با 7/57 درصد است. میانگین کارایی فنی آبیاری، کارایی فنی هزینه آب آبیاری، کارایی فنی ستاده- محور و کارایی فنی نهاده- محور به‌ترتیب 56/65، 96/53، 98/77 و 52/87 درصد برآورد شده است. این نتایج بیانگر آن است که با ثابت نگه‌داشتن مقدار مصرف سایر نهاده‌ها و کاهش آب آبیاری به اندازه 43/35 درصد و مصرف 3607 مترمکعب در هکتار می‌توان مقدار ثابت محصول (62/91 تن در هکتار) را تولید نمود. کارایی فنی هزینه آب آبیاری نیز نشان‌دهنده این است که درصورت حداکثر کردن کارایی فنی آب آبیاری، هزینه آب آبیاری به اندازه 3/47 درصد کاهش پیدا خواهد کرد. ضریب همبستگی بین کارایی فنی آب آبیاری و کارایی فنی هزینه آب آبیاری (67/20)، کارایی فنی نهاده- محور (31/14) و کارایی فنی ستاده- محور (16/44) است و افزایش کارایی فنی آب آبیاری منجر به افزایش آن کارایی‌ها می‌شود. در صورتی که قیمت آب آبیاری در تولید چغندرقند در حوضه مورد مطالعه 39/88 درصد (از 1210 به 1700 ریال بر مترمکعب) افزایش یابد مقدار آب مصرفی و هزینه‌های آب در تولید چغندرقند به‌ترتیب 43/35 و 3/47 درصد کاهش خواهد یافت. توصیه می‌شود با توسعه تکنولوژی‌های آبیاری و سیاست‌های قیمتی کارایی فنی آبیاری افزایش داده شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Estimating Technical Efficiency and Cost Efficiency of the Irrigation Water for Sugar Beet Production in Urmia Lake Basin

نویسنده [English]

  • Morteza Molaei
Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University.
چکیده [English]

Estimating irrigation water technical efficiency (IWTE) is one of the basic measures to manage water resources. In this study, using data from 100 sugar beet farms in Urmia Lake basin, Irrigation Water Technical Efficiency (IWTE), Irrigation Water Technical Cost Efficiency (ITCE), Output-oriented Technical Efficiency (OTE) and Input-oriented Technical Efficiency (ITE) are estimated using Stochastic Frontier function. The results showed that the share of irrigation water cost is less than all other inputs and is equal to 7.57%. The average IWTE, ITCE, OTE and ITE were estimated to be 56.65, 96.53, 98.77 and 52.87%, respectively. These results imply that the observed quantity of sugar beet (62.91 tons) could be maintained by using the observed values of other inputs while using 43.35% less irrigation water (3607 m3/ha). The average ITCE, which is equal to 96.53%, suggests a potential reduction of 3.47% of the total cost if irrigation water is adjusted to its efficient level. Correlation coefficient between IWTE and ITCE (67.20), ITE (31.14) and OTE (16.44) indicates that ITCE, OTE and ITE would increase by improving IWTE. If the price of irrigation water in sugar beet production increases by 39.88%, the amount of water used and the cost of irrigation water will decrease by 43.35% and 3.47%, respectively. It is suggested to increase IWTE by developing irrigation technologies and water pricing policies.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Irrigation Water Technical Efficiency
  • Irrigation Water Technical Cost Efficiency
  • Sugar beet
  • Urmia Lake Basin
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