ارزیابی کارایی مدل WRF-Hydro در توسعه سامانه‌های پیش‌بینی و هشدار سیلاب (مطالعه موردی حوضه آبریز کشکان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 پژوهشکده مطالعات و تحقیقات منابع آب، موسسه تحقیقات آب وزارت نیرو، تهران، ایران

2 کارشناس پژوهشی، مؤسسه تحقیقات آب، وزارت نیرو، تهران، ایران

3 عضو هیئت علمی، مؤسسه تحقیقات آب، وزارت نیرو، تهران، ایران

چکیده

جفت شدن مناسب مدل‌های عددی هواشناسی با مدل‌های توزیعی هیدرولوژیکی و کاهش عدم قطعیت مربوط به ریزمقیاس‌نمایی آنها یکی از چالش‌های اساسی در پیش‌بینی دقیق سیلاب است. بنابراین در این تحقیق با هدف پیش‌بینی سیلاب، امکان جفت‌شدن مدل عددی هواشناسی WRF با مدل WRF-Hydro، که مدلی هیدرولوژیکی-هیدرولیکی، توزیعی و فیزیکی است، بررسی می‎شود. به‌منظور واسنجی مدل، حوضه آبریز کشکان بدلیل پتانسیل بالای سیل‌خیزی بعنوان منطقه مطالعاتی انتخاب شده است. باتوجه به داده‌های هیدروگراف سیل مشاهداتی در محدوده مطالعاتی، دو واقعه سیلابی شدید در سه ایستگاه هیدرومتری برای واسنجی مدل WRF-Hydro انتخاب گردید. بر اساس تحلیل حساسیت مدل، پارامترهای کنترل نفوذ، عمق نگهداشت آب سطحی، ضریب زبری سطحی و ضریب زبری کانال بعنوان تاثیرگذارترین پارامترها در شبیه‌سازی جریان شناسایی شدند. استفاده از این پارامترها در فرآیند واسنجی، قابلیت واسنجی حجم و شکل هیدروگراف سیلاب را برای حصول به نتایج دقیق‌تر امکانپذیر خواهد ساخت. سپس با استفاده از روش گام به گام، مقادیر بهینه پارامترهای شناسایی‌شده در تحلیل حساسیت برای یکی از وقایع در ایستگاه هیدرومتری پلدختر در خروجی حوضه تعیین گردید. در گام بعدی مدل بر اساس پارامترهای بهینه تعیین شده برای سایر ایستگاه‎ها و وقایع سیلابی ارزیابی گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluating the Efficiency of WRF-Hydro Model for Development of Flood Forecasting Systems (Case study: Kashkan Watershed)

نویسندگان [English]

  • somaye Imani 1
  • Seyed Amir Mohammad Hassanoli 2
  • Ashkan Farkhnia 3
  • Fatameh Javadi 2
  • Mohammad Saeed Najafi 3
1 Department of Water Resources Research, Water Research Institute, Ministry of Energy, Tehran, Iran
2 Research Fellow, Water Research Institute, Ministry of Energy, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Water Research Institute, Ministry of Energy, Tehran,
چکیده [English]

Coupling of meteorological models with distributed hydrological models and reducing uncertainties related to downscaling is one of the major challenges in flood prediction. This study with the aim of predicting floods, demonstrates possibility of coupling the WRF model with the WRF-Hydro model, which is a hydrological-hydraulic, distributional, and physical model. For calibration, the Kashkan watershed is chosen as the study area due to its high flooding potential. According to observational flood hydrograph in study area, two severe flood events in three hydrometric stations were selected for calibration. Based on sensitivity analysis, the parameters of infiltration control, surface retention depth, surface roughness, and channel Manning’s roughness are considered as the most effective parameters. The use of these parameters will make it possible to calibrate the volume and shape of flood hydrograph to achieve accurate results. Afterward, Step by step method is used for determining the optimal values of parameters are identified in the sensitivity analysis. Poldakhtar station, located at the terminus of the basin is chosen for calibration for one event. In the next step, the calibrated model was evaluated based on the optimal parameters set for other stations and events. The evaluation results of the WRF-Hydro with optimized parameters verify the capability of the WRF-Hydro for simulating flood in the steep slope watershed after calibration. Moreover, the main characteristics of hydrograph like volume, timing and peak flow rate are simulated accusatively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Flood Forecast
  • Coupled Model
  • Meteorological
  • Hydrological
  • WRF-Hydro
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