بررسی فرونشست زمین ناشی از تغییرات سطح ایستابی آب زیرزمینی با استفاده از روش تداخل سنجی تفاضلی راداری: مطالعه موردی استان قزوین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترا، دانشگاه تهران

2 استاد تمام دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تهران

3 پژوهشکده حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری

4 سازمان زمین شناسی و اکتشافات معدنی کشور

چکیده

 
برداشت بیش از حد از سفره‏های آب زیرزمینی در کشور سبب افت شدید سطح ­ایستابی آبخوان و از بین رفتن لایه­های آبدار زمین گردیده است که از آثار آن پدیده فرونشست می­باشد. دقیق­ترین راه برای آسیب­شناسی پدیده فرونشست، عملیات صحرائی است که بسیار پرهزینه و زمان بر است. از این رو امروزه از روش جدید داده­های سنجش از دور استفاده می­شود که ابزاری قدرتمند، ارزان و با دقت مناسب جهت سنجش بزرگ مقیاس و سریع فرونشست می­باشد. هدف از این پژوهش، اندازه­گیری میزان فرونشست استان قزوین با استفاده از روش تداخل­سنجی تفاضلی راداری و سنجش اثرات تخلیه آب­زیرزمینی و لایه‏بندی خاک بر این پدیده است. جهت ارزیابی بلندمدت فرونشست از  ترکیب داده­های ماهواره­های Envisat،  Alos Palsarو Sentinel از سال­های 2003 تا 2017 استفاده شده است. تغییرات تراز سطح­ ایستابی آبخوان قزوین نیز با استفاده از داده­های 180 چاه مشاهده‌ای مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. در این پژوهش میانگین سالانه فرونشست سال­های 2003 تا 2017 در محدوده آبخوان قزوین 9/39 میلیمتر و در استان قزوین این مقدار کمتر و حدود 33 میلیمتر بوده است. با مشاهده محدوده فرونشست در سطح استان قزوین دیده شد بیشترین فرونشست­ها در محدوده آبخوان رخ داده است و در آنجا ضخامت لایه­ ریزدانه بیشتر بوده است. همچنین بیشینه فرونشست مربوط به شمال بویین زهرا و مرز تاکستان می­باشد که بیشترین تخلیه آب ­زیرزمینی و سطح زیر کشت را دارا هستند. در نهایت نتایج این پژوهش همبستگی بین افت سطح ایستابی و ضخامت لایه ریزدانه با وقوع پدیده فرونشست در استان قزوین را نشان داده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Land Subsidence Assessment due to Groundwater Exploration by using Differential Radar Interferometry Technique, Case Study: Qazvin province

نویسندگان [English]

  • mahdieh janbaz fotamy 1
  • majid Kholghi 2
  • Abdolnabi Abdeh Kolahchi 3
  • MahAsa Roostaei 4
1 PhD student, University of Tehran
2 Full perofessor/ Irrigation & Reclamation Engrg. Dept
3 Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute (SCWMRI)
4 Geological Survey of Iran (G.S.I)
چکیده [English]

Excessive harvesting of groundwater has caused a decrease in the water table, and as a consequence increasing in the phenomenon of the land-subsidence. Although, field inspection is the most accurate way to measure land subsidence and water table variation, it is less attractive due to the costs and being time consuming. Instead, the low cost and accurate remote sensing techniques are implemented for the large scale land subsidence measurement. The purpose of this study is to quantify the land subsidence in Qazvin province by using synthetic aperture radar interferometry and evaluating the effect of the groundwater depletion and soil profile on this phenomenon. For a long time land-subsidence evaluation, the combination of the outcomes of Envisat, Alos palsar-1, and Sentinel-1 satellite data between 2003 to 2017 are employed. Water table variation of Qazvin’s aquifer was studied using 180 data points of the pizometric wells. Annually averaged land-subsidence in this years was obtained as 39.9 mm/year for aquifer zone and this value was 33 mm/year for Qazvin province. According to the land-subsidence zone in Qazvin province it was revealed that most of the land-subsidence occur in the region of the aquifer whose fine-grained layer thickness would be larger than other areas. The maximum of Land subsidence was obtained at the northern parts of Buin-Zahra and near the Takestan borderline. This area has the highest cultivated area and groundwater depletion. The results of this study showed a strong correlation between the groundwater water table variations and land subsidence values in Qazvin province.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Land Subsidence
  • Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar
  • Groundwater Exploration
  • fine-grained layer thickness
  • Qazvin province
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