مدل‌سازی هیدرواقلیمی نوسانات تراز دریاچه ارومیه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی مقطع دکترا / تخصصی آب وهواشناسی،واحدعلوم تحیقات،دانشگاه آزاداسلامی،تهران،ایران

2 استاد/ گروه جغرافیا ، دانشگاه خوارزمی ، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار/ گروه جغرافیا، واحدعلوم تحقیات، دنشگاه ازاد اسلامی،اهواز، ایران

4 استادیار / گروه جفرافیا،واحدعلوم تحقیات،دانشگاه ازاداسلامی، تهران،ایران

چکیده

هدف اصلی این تحقیق بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر نوسانات ترازآب دریاچه ارومیه است بدین منظوربرای بررسی ارتباط نوسانهای تراز آب دریاچه ارومیه با پارامترهای اقلیمی و هیدرولوژی،( بارش، درجه حرارت، دبی رودخانه‌ها و ...)استفاده شد.از داده‌های تراز آب دریاچه ارومیه برای دوره آماری48 ساله،27 ایستگاه هواشناسی برای متغیربارش ودرجه حرارت استفاده گردید.برای تنظیم داده‌های سطح ایستابی آبهای زیرزمینی، ازمیان1054حلقه چاه،123حلقه که دردوره آماری کاملی داشتندانتخاب ،برای اطلاع ازهمگنی و تصادفی بودن دادهها واحتمال هرگونه رونددرسریهای زمانی، از آزمون ناپارامتریکی ران تست استفاده گردید.تصادفی بودن متغیرها با احتمال خطای 05/0 مورد بررسی قرار گرفت و از همگن بودن آن‌ها اطمینان حاصل شد. برای بررسی روند،جهش و تغییردرمتغیرهای مستقل بارش، درجه حرارت، دبی رودخانه و سطح ایستابی چاه‌ها، ازآزمون آماری من-کندال استفاده شده است.بررسی نمودار نشان دادکه تغییرات میانگین درجه حرارت سالانه طی دوره مطالعاتی روند معناداری را دنبال نمیکند.نمودار مربوط به بارش سالانه حوضه آبریزدریاچه ارومیه روند کاهشی و معناداری را دردوره آماری نشان داد.نتایج بررسی روند تغییرات دبی نشان دادکه تغییرات دبی طی دوره دارای روند معنی‌داری بوده وبا جهشی از همان ابتدای دوره آماری، روندی کاهشی را دنبال نموده است. تغییرات سطح ایستابی چاه‌های مشاهده‌ای نیز دارای روند معنی‌داری بوده و با جهشی درسال 1385، روندی کاهشی را دنبال کرده. نتایج آزمون ضرایب همبستگی پیرسون مشخص کردکه بین متغیرهای مستقل (درجه حرارت، بارش، دبی رودخانه و سطح ایستابی) و نوسان‌های سطح آب دریاچه، همبستگی نسبتاً قوی وجود دارددرسطح 05/0 معناداربوده و نشان‌دهنده اعتبار و قدرت بالای رابطه خطی بین ترازآب و میزان تأثیرپذیری این متغیرازمتغیرهای مستقل است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Hydroclimatic modeling of water level fluctuations of Urmia Lake

نویسندگان [English]

  • Masoumeh Soufi 1
  • Behlul Alijani 2
  • Reza Borna 3
  • Farideh Asadian 4
1 PhD student in climatology, Science and Research Unit, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran .
2 Professor, Department of Geography, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor of Geography, Department of Science and Research, Islamic Azad University, Tehran.
4 Assistant Professor of Geography, Department of Science and Research, Islamic Azad University, Tehran
چکیده [English]

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting water level fluctuations in Urmia Lake. For this purpose, it was used to investigate the relationship between water level fluctuations in Urmia Lake with climatic and hydrological parameters (precipitation, temperature, river flow, etc.). Urmia Lake water level was used for 48-year statistical period, 27 meteorological stations for variable precipitation and temperature. , From non-parametric Ran Tess test To investigate the trend, mutations and changes in the independent variables of precipitation, temperature, river flow and stagnant surface of the wells, my-Kendall statistical test was used. Regarding the annual rainfall, the Urmia catchment area showed a decreasing and significant trend in the statistical period. The results of the study of the Dubai change trend showed that the Dubai changes during the period had a significant trend and followed a decreasing trend with a jump from the beginning of the statistical period. The change in the static level of the observation wells also has a significant trend and with a jump in 2006, it has followed a decreasing trend. The results of Pearson correlation coefficients test showed that there is a relatively strong correlation between independent variables (temperature, precipitation, river flow and stagnant water level) and lake water level fluctuations at the level of 0.05 and indicates the validity and high strength of the linear relationship between The water level and the degree of impact of this variable are independent variables.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Water levels variations
  • Water flow
  • Modeling
  • Water Level
  • Urmia Lake
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