اثرات تشکیل بازارهای آب منطقه ای بر تعادل بخشی عرضه و تقاضای آب آبیاری در منطقه سیستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیئت علمی پژوهشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل

2 ریاست پژوهشکده کشاورزی زابل، دانشگاه زابل

3 دانشجوی دکترای اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه پیام نور تهران

چکیده

بازارهای آب منطقه‌ای به عنوان ابزارهایی اقتصادی سبب توسعه‌ تمرکززدایی و تخصیص بهینه منابع آب بین کشاورزان می‌شوند. به همین منظور، در این مطالعه اثرات تشکیل بازارهای آب منطقه‌ای در سیستان مورد بررسی قرار گرفت و پتانسیل انتقال آب تحت شرایط کم‌آبی در سطح این منطقه ارزیابی شد. برای این منظور از یک سیستم مدل‌سازی اقتصادی-هیدرولوژیکی مشتمل بر مدل برنامه‌ریزی‌ریاضی‌مثبت (PMP) و رهیافت تابع تولید باکشش‌جانشینی‌ثابت (CES) استفاده شد. داده‌ها و اطلاعات موردنیاز در این تحقیق از نوع مقطعی و مربوط به سال زراعی 95-1394 هستند که با مراجعه به ادارات ذیربط در منطقه سیستان جمع‌آوری شدند. سیستم مدل‌سازی هیدرواقتصادی ارائه شده در محیط نرم‌افزاری GAMS 24.7 حل شد. نتایج نشان داد که با برقراری بازارهای آب منطقه‌ای در سطح منطقه سیستان، افزون بر ایجاد تعادل بین عرضه و تقاضای آب آبیاری و متعادل شدن داد و ستد آب بین مناطق مورد مطالعه، سطح زیرکشت محصولات گندم و جو آبی نسبت به شرایط عدم وجود بازار آب افزایش و سطح زیرکشت یونجه، پیاز، هندوانه و خربزه کاهش می‌یابد. این امر امکان توسعه اراضی فاریاب را تا حد 23/4 درصد نسبت به شرایط سال پایه فراهم می‌کند. مجموع سود ناخالص کشاورزان سیستانی نیز در شرایط استقرار بازارارهای آب منطقه‌ای بهبود یافته و از 22039 به 23242 میلیون ریال تغییر می‌کند. در پایان با توجه به نقش حمایتی و سازنده بازارهای آب منطقه‌ای، مهیا کردن زمینه لازم برای برقراری و استفاده بهینه از این نوع مکانیسم‌ها در منطقه سیستان و سایر مناطقی از کشور که دارای منابع آبی مشترک هستند، پیشنهاد شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effects of Regional Water Markets Formation on Balancing the Supply and Demand of Irrigation Water in the Sistan Region

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hosein Badie Barzin 1
  • Eisa Khamri 2
  • Zahra Fari Moghadam 1
  • Abozar Parhizkari 3
1 Faculty Member of Zabol Agricultural Research Institute
2 Head of Zabul Research Institute, Zabol University
3 payam noor univercity
چکیده [English]

The regional water markets as economic instruments, promote the development of decentralization and optimal allocation of water resources among farmers. For this purpose, in present study the formation effects of regional water markets in Sistan region were investigated and the potential of irrigation water transfer under stress irrigation conditions in region were analyzed. For this purpose, from the economic- hydrologic modeling system comprising of positive mathematical programming (PMP) model and with constant elasticity of substitution (CES) production function approach was used. The data and information required in this research are cross-sectional and related to the 2015-2016 crops which were collected by referring to the relevant authorities in Sistan region. The presented economic- hydrologic modeling system in the GAMS 24.7 software was solved. The results showed that with establishment of the regional water markets in Sistan region; in addition, creation the balance between supply and demand of irrigation water and equilibrate the water trading between the studied regions, increases the acrage of wheat and barley and decreases the acrage of alfalfa, onion, watermelon and melon relative to the lack of water market conditions. This result provides the possibility of lands development up to 23.4 percent compared to the base year conditions. The farmers’ total net profits of Sistan are improving under conditions of establishment of regional water markets also and changes from 22039 to 23242 million rials.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Regional water markets
  • Water resurce management
  • Agricultural products
  • Hydro-economic model
  • Sistan region
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